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DEFINITION

Pilates (puh-LAH-teez), is an exercise technique of strengthening and stretching exercises designed to develop posture, alignment and strength of the muscles of the abdomen and back.

DESCRIPTION

The system of Pilates was developed by Josef Pilates in the early 1900's. Pilates taught his method to wounded English soldiers during World War I, using springs removed from hospital beds to support and assist them as he developed techniques to increase their range of motion. He found that his exercise techniques also assisted the performance of dancers by improving muscle balance, flexibility, coordination and recovery from injuries.

The Pilates method then developed into a programme for the general public to help improve posture, balance and strength in the body's "core muscles" of the abdominal area and lower back. The core muscles of the back and pelvis anchor the body and keep the spine properly aligned during movement, for example, when picking up a heavy object or lunging to grab a ball. Strengthening the core muscles takes the pressure off the knees, back, and shoulders and can help to reduce the risk of injury..

PRINCIPLES OF PILATES

The eight principles of Pilates training are:

• Concentration

• Precision

• Control

• Flowing

• Movement

• Centering

• Breathing

• Routine

Pilates involves resistance training that works to lengthen muscles by simultaneously stretching and strengthening them. The basis of Pilates training involves doing exercises on a mat placed on the floor. Machines are also available at some Pilates training centres to aid people who needed additional help or to enhance the effects of a Pilates workout. Pilates classes are often conducted on an individual basis or in very small groups. Initial assessment is usually conducted on an individual basis by the Pilates trainer.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Before beginning any exercise programme it is advisable to seek medical advice. There are currently no national standards regulating training for Pilates instructors. It is advisable to seek out an instructor who has been through a qualified and comprehensive instructor training programme.

MEDICAL USE

Following injury or for those suffering lower back problems, Pilates can be helpful in rehabilitation. Pilates enables exercises to be performed initially without using the injured part of the body. When the supporting muscles are strengthened adequately the person is encouraged to start gentle exercises to rehabilitate the injured area.